| Title | Location | Description |
| Agricultural valley | Kel | Independent small village towns are clustered on gradual slopes. It makes them more self sufficient and create a fractal pattern |
| River border | Kel | Land is divided by river resulting in scattered settlement between both sides. It has thin cluster on steep slope of the mountain |
| One single main road | Kel | It is connecting muzaffarabad and kel and going towards taobat |
| Muddy rocky pathways | Kel | Muddy and rocky pathways, made by the locals to move about |
| Settlement on flat landscape | Kel | It is preferred to build on flat land |
| Crop land | Kel | I. Building area ii. Crops plantation area iii. Livestock shed |
| Identifiable neighbor–army zone | Kel/ak/taobat | Army’s influence in terms of security and infrastructure is vital |
| Neighbor boundary; loc–indian border | Kel/ak/taobat | Tension at loc often affects their daily lifestyle. |
| Muddy rocky winding pathways | Kel/ak/taobat | Access to mountains/plateau/highlands |
| Wooden suspension bridge | Kel | Suspension bridge; used by pedestrians and smaller vehicular transport. |
| Sacred places are respected | Kel | One imam bargah, two functional mosques, one darbar and graves |
| Water sources are sacred | Taobat/kel | It’s a common superstition to hide source from the people or else it will dry out |
| Cross waterways | Kel | Wooden planks are used to cross over naala’s |
| Boundaries x 4 | Kel | Road, tertiary roads, single entry, crops, river, vegetables and sacred places act as boundaries |
| Flat plateau | Arang kel | Settlement on flat regions; easier to build upon |
| Access from three sides | Arang kel | Wind flows from all sides; better ventilation |
| Protected vegetable patches | Kel/ arang kel | Fencing is done to avoid livestock ruining the vegetable crops |
| Tree trunk platform | Arang kel | Danga; used for drying grass. |
| Winding pathways – | Arang kel | They are used for climbing to the top of the mountain |
| Water channel aligned with houses | Taobat | They assist in water disposal and drainage |
| Water channel aligned with paths | Kel/arang kel | They assist in cleaning purposes; washing clothes, bathing |
| Ribbon cropping | Kel | Situated on the slope near river banks and beside road sides as a sign of privacy |
| Hierarchal land use | Kel | Clustered poor families and rich scattered families |
| Public toilets over water ways | Taobat | Help in waste discharge |
| Mosque and school as communal areas | Kel/ak/taobat | It is used for jirga decisions and local congregations. |
| Communal graveyard | Taobat | This was an old practice |
| Decorated grave posts | Kel/ak/taobat | They are used as landmarks for the graves |
| Summer migration | Kel/ak/taobat | Livestock taken to highlands for grazing |
| Chimney top – wind | Kel/ak/taobat | It is protruding out from the pitched roofs. Mostly covered in summers |
| Graves alongside pathways | Kel | Easy access to visit graves. |
| Clustered housing | Taobat | Cliff on one side and river on the other. Less space to be built upon. |
| Seasonal construction | Kel/ak/taobat | External part is constructed in summers while the inside is mostly worked on in winters |
| Local bazaar | ||
| Square shop fronts | Kel | Compact space |
| Knee level counter | Kel | They use stools to sit upon, which are of low height |
| Stepped up shops | Kel | Elevated from road level |
| Triared façade | Kel | Mostly no glass used.2 window 1 door |
| Sitting space inside shops | Kel | Usage of bench in every shop |
| Verandas infront of shops | Kel | 3′ wide, used as a sitting space |
| Benches in shop verandahs | Used in winters to sit in the sun. Gathering space | |
| Friendly shops | Kel | The shops have benches for the customers to sit, these are also mtg places.sitting space, shop owner, storage |
| Foldable shutters | Kel | Towards road, no glass used in windows |
| Frontal access | Kel | Only front. No side entrances. |
| Villiage shops balconies | Taobat | It is used as a common sitting area used by shopkeepers and local customers |
| External stairs | Kel | Stairs are extended externally to access the first floor. No shops on first floor. |
| Household | ||
| Three tiered construction | Kel | 3 levels; one residential, one for livestock and one for crop cultivation |
| Use of available material | Kel | Locally used wood, stone, mud. |
| Rubble masonry ground floor | Kel | Rubble masonry is used for ground floor, wood is used for the second floor |
| Pitched roofs | Kel | Single pitched corrogated steel sheet roofs |
| Warm entrance | Kel | Pedestrian access to front and back |
| Narrow stairs | Kel | Stone, wooden log, wooden planks, wall supported, self-contained |
| Large chimney | Kel | It has a multipurpose use i.e. Heating the inner environment and cooking. |
| Spacious cooking space | Kel | It is used for cooking and as a informal “mehman khana” |
| Verandas as formal space | Kel | They are used for as “formal mehman khana” and as a sitting space. |
| Internal service shaft | Kel | Used for feeding animals during winter, from attic to the ground floor, it is used to access the attic/storage area in winters |
| Diagonal member joineries | Kel | Forming a vertex at one point |
| Beam hangers | Kel | Grass is hanged on beams to dry upon |
| Seperate washroom units | Kel | New trend enhances good ventilation due to higher surface area |
| Piped water | Kel/ak/taobat | From chashma source (jinn story associated) |
| Sewerage into water channels | Kel | Common practice to recycle waste into their crop lands. |
| Decorated balconies | Kel | Ornamentation, aesthetically pleasing. |
| River facing fronts | Kel/taobat | It is commonly practiced for good light and better ventilation |
| Leeward oriented windows | Kel | Against the wind, protection from strong winds. |
| Interconnected corridors | Kel | Keeping the inner environment warm and easy access to all rooms. |
| Permanent cooking area | Kel | Compact fire place and cooking place |
| Crockery shelf | Kel | In the kitchen/lounge area, a decorative shelve is present that showcases crockery and cuttelry. |
| Movable angeethi | Kel | Medium sized in residential area; smaller in animal quarters/shelters |
| Varying window size | Kel | Mediium sized window for living quarteds and small size for animal shelter |
| Sacred prayer area | Kel | Wooden elevated janemaz used for prayer |
| Zen views from windows | Taobat | No use of decorative paintings. Natural views are cut out in the walls. It adds to the aesthetic beauty of their house. |
| Flat mud houses | Kel | Old practice. The flat roof is also used for drying grass in summers |
| Compact cooking space | Kel | New practice. Portable angeethi is used for cooking |
| Stand alone animal shelter | Arang kel | Avoiding heat and humidity to save wood |
| Multiple enterances | Arang kel | Several entrances to the house. Joint family system. Enhances privacy. |
| Squarish and rectangular verandas | Arang kel | Provides open space for leisure time, provides good light |
| Rooms attatched to entrance | Arang kel | Quick access to “mehman khaana” |
| Double pitched roof | Arang kel | Steel sheet roof |
| Separate alley entrance to toilet | Arang kel | For privacy and cleanliness and access for all including from memaan khana |
| Column beam corner joinery | Arang kel | 6′ gap between vertical member |
| Ballustrade bench | Arang kel | Wider space between columns due to less complex structures is used for hanging and drying clothes or also as benches |
| Spacious attic access | Arang kel | It’s open to allow air form all sides, helping grass to dry out |
| 4” thick vertical members | Arang kel | Stable and feasible to build from the tree trunks |
| Drying grass | Kel | Drying grass alongside walls, along tree trunks, around columns, hanging from beams, resting on benches |
| Varying ceiling heights | Arang kel | 8′-10′ for humans; 7′ animals; 12′ attic |
| Balconies are women’s spaces | Kel | They usually use it during their free time for talking and gazing into the fields. |
| Dhandoora in attic | Kel | Honey storage |
| Paitee | Kel | Storage of fancy things kept under lock and key |
| Wide verandas | Taobat | They act as sitting areas for their family and performing daily actvity as it has good natural light |
| Wet areas located at the rear | Taobat | Washing dishes, washing clothes, toilet |
| Middle corridor | Taobat | For privacy and giving access to all rooms |
| Four rooms alongside the corridor | Taobat | Linear and symmetrical design practice. It helps and easy and quick access in a compact space |
| West facing kitchens | Taobat bala | It maximizes the natural light inlet and some heat as well. |
| Trap doors | Taobat | Access to attic(grass storage) and animal space |
| 2” wide decorarted trimming | Kel/taobat | Decorative borders used for ornamentation |
| 4” thick wooden walls | Kel/ak/taobat | First floor |
| Wooden log walls | Kel/ak/taobat | Ground floor |
| Mud plastered internal spaces | Kel/ak/taobat | For insulation |
| Earthquake resistant construction | Kel | Commonly known as “dajji dewari”- wooden frame and stone infill. |
| Bunker spaces | Taobat | Safety and security due to loc |
| Narrow windows on windward side | Taobat | Protection from strong and cold winds/breezes |
| Entrance is highlighted | Taobat | It acts as a welcoming and distinct entry to their house |
| 1′ deep water pipes | Taobat | To avoid water from freezing |
| Dhandoora at ground floor | Taobat | It is used for bee farming, providing protection from external environment factors |
| Food storage pits | Taobat | Storing food for winter. Pit is made in the soil |
| Deodar wood for fireplace | Taobat | Used for construction, less smoke |
| Kail wood construction | Kel | Easily available and to used for construction |
| Soakpit | Taobat | 6′-8′ deep |
| Covered stairwell access | Taobat | It protects from snowfall. External sheds provide shelter. |
| Corridor on three sides | Kel/arang kel | New trend |
| Gaghar used for storing water | Arang kel | Utensil to store water |